Easy

Upside-Down Catfish

By The Aquarium Calculators Editorial Team ·

Synodontis nigriventris

Complete Upside-Down Catfish care guide covering omnivore diet requirements, peaceful temperament, minimum 30 Gallons tank setup, and compatible freshwater tankmates. Difficulty: Easy.

Upside-Down Catfish

Quick Answer

Upside-Down Catfish (Synodontis nigriventris) is a unique catfish from Central Africa. It requires a minimum 30 Gallons aquarium with a pH of 6.5 - 7.5 and temperature range of 22-26°C. This omnivore occupies the bottom/middle zone and makes an excellent addition to community setups.

Intro

Upside-Down Catfish (Synodontis nigriventris) is a unique catfish from Central Africa. It swims upside-down most of the time, a behavior that helps it feed on insects at the water's surface.

Setup

A 30-gallon or larger tank with plenty of hiding spots (caves, driftwood). They are nocturnal and need dim lighting. Floating plants are appreciated.

Feeding

Omnivorous; eats sinking pellets, algae wafers, frozen foods, and live foods. They will also eat food from the surface while upside-down.

Compatibility

Peaceful and social. Keep in groups of 3+. Good with most community fish of similar size. Avoid large aggressive cichlids.

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Tank Position
Bottom/Middle
Water Temp
22-26°C
Adult Size
See profile
Water pH
6.5 - 7.5

Species Characteristics

Adult Size
Lifespan
Growth Rate
moderate
Tank Compatibility
Community compatible
Indoor Aquarium
Yes

Water Parameters

Water Temperature
Humidity
Water pH

Tank Lighting

Tank Lighting
Standard lighting
Light Hours
N/A
Intensity
moderate

Feeding & Diet

Diet Type
Diet: Omnivore
Feeding Schedule
N/A
Live Food Options
N/A

Frequently Asked Questions

How many Upside-Down Catfish should be kept together?
Maintain a group of 3 to 5 individuals in a tank of at least 30 gallons (113 liters) with a footprint of 36x12 inches (90x30 cm). Upside-down catfish (Synodontis nigriventris) are famous for swimming upside down to scrape food from the underside of leaves and driftwood. Groups under 3 cause stress and hiding. A school of 6+ displays natural upside-down schooling. Provide broad-leafed plants (Amazon sword, Anubias) and overhanging driftwood structures. Use dim lighting and floating plants. Tank height should be at least 15 inches (38 cm).
What are the exact water parameters for Upside-Down Catfish?
Target pH 6.5 - 7.5, General Hardness 4 - 12 dGH, Carbonate Hardness 3 - 10 dKH, Total Dissolved Solids 100 - 300 ppm, Electrical Conductivity 200 - 600 μS/cm, and temperature 75°F - 82°F (24°C - 28°C). They require clean, well-oxygenated water with low nitrates (<15 ppm). Maintain weekly 25% water changes. Use a canister filter with moderate flow (6-8x turnover). Provide sand substrate and smooth decorations; they have delicate barbels. Add driftwood and broad leaves.
What is the dietary and medication protocol for Upside-Down Catfish?
They are omnivores requiring 40% protein, 10% fat, 50% plant matter. Feed sinking catfish pellets, sinking wafers, flakes, frozen bloodworms, and blanched zucchini daily. They also graze on the underside of driftwood. Medication alert: Tolerate copper (0.15 mg/L) but sensitive to formalin. Scaleless; use malachite green at quarter dose (0.025 mg/L). Praziquantel is safe. Avoid salt (tolerance <3 ppt). Quarantine with metronidazole at half-strength.
How to breed Upside-Down Catfish in captivity?
Breeding is rare. Condition a group of 5-6 with live blackworms and bloodworms for 4 weeks. Simulate rainy season: Lower water level to 8 inches (20 cm), raise temperature to 80°F (27°C), perform 40% water change with cool (68°F/20°C) soft water over 2 hours. Provide clay pots or PVC caves. Spawning occurs in caves; female lays 100-300 adhesive eggs. Male guards eggs for 4-6 days. Eggs hatch; fry are 0.2 inches (5 mm) and accept baby brine shrimp and microworms. Remove male after hatch. Not recommended for beginners.